OceanCBM: A Concept Bottleneck Model for Mechanistic Interpretability in Ocean Forecasting

OceanCBM is the first concept bottleneck model (CBM) for spatiotemporal prediction and mechanistic interrogation of ocean dynamics. It predicts mixed layer heat content, a precursor to marine heatwaves, using mixed supervision and prescribed geophysical fluid dynamics concepts to ensure fidelity to ground-truth physics.